Ukusetyenziswa kweMibhobho yePlastiki
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yezinto zokwakha iikhemikhali, imibhobho yeplastiki yamkelwa ngokubanzi ngabasebenzisi ngokusebenza kwabo okuphezulu, ucoceko, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi kunye nezinye iingenelo, ingakumbi kubandakanywa umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi we-UPVC, umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi we-UPVC, umbhobho weplastiki we-aluminium odibeneyo, i-polyethylene (PE) umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi, i-polypropylene PPR umbhobho wamanzi ashushu.
Imibhobho yePlastiki zizinto zokwakha iikhemikhali ezidityaniswe nobuchwephesha obuphezulu, kwaye izinto zokwakha iikhemikhali ziluhlobo lwesine oluvelayo lwezixhobo ezintsha zokwakha emva kwentsimbi, iinkuni kunye nesamente. Imibhobho yePlastiki isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimimandla yokwakha unikezelo lwamanzi kunye ne-drainage, unikezelo lwamanzi asezidolophini kunye ne-drainage kunye nemibhobho yegesi ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo zokulahlekelwa kwamanzi amancinci, ukonga amandla, ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ukugqitywa okufanelekileyo kunye nokunye, kwaye ibe yinto ephambili yothungelwano lwemibhobho yokwakhiwa kwedolophu kwinkulungwane entsha.
Xa kuthelekiswa nemibhobho yentsimbi yesiko, imibhobho yentsimbi, imibhobho yesamente kunye neminye imibhobho, imibhobho yeplastiki ineenzuzo zogcino lwamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ubunzima obukhanyayo kunye namandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, udonga lwangaphakathi olugudileyo ngaphandle kokukalwa, ulwakhiwo olulula kunye nokugcinwa, ubomi benkonzo ende njalo njalo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kulwakhiwo, kumasipala, kwimizi-mveliso nakwimimandla yezolimo efana nokwakhiwa kwamanzi kunye ne-drainage, unikezelo lwamanzi asezidolophini nasemaphandleni kunye ne-drainage, igesi yasezidolophini, umbane kunye ne-optical cable sheath, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso, ukunkcenkceshela kwezolimo njalo njalo.
Iplastiki ihluke kwizinto zemveli. Isantya senkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha sikhawuleza. Ukuvela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe obutsha, izinto ezintsha kunye neenkqubo ezintsha zenza ukuba izibonelelo zemibhobho yeplastiki ibe yinto evelele ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zemveli. Xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho wesinyithi wesintu kunye nombhobho wesamente, umbhobho weplastiki unobunzima obulula, obuyi-1/6-1/10 kuphela yombhobho wesinyithi. Inokumelana nokugqwesa okungcono, ukuxhathisa impembelelo kunye namandla okuqina. Umphezulu wangaphakathi wombhobho weplastiki ugudile kakhulu kunombhobho wentsimbi, kunye ne-coefficient encinci ye-friction kunye nokumelana nolwelo. Inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngaphezulu kwe-5%. Inokugcinwa kakuhle kwamandla abanzi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuvelisa kuncitshiswa ngama-75%. Kukulungele ukuthutha, kulula ukuyifaka, kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo bufikelela kwiminyaka engama-30-50. Imibhobho ye-polyethylene iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi, kwaye amazwe aphuhlileyo anenzuzo epheleleyo ekusebenziseni imibhobho ye-polyethylene kwintsimi yokubonelela ngamanzi kunye negesi. Imibhobho ye-polyethylene ayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi nje ukubuyisela imibhobho yentsimbi yemveli kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi, kodwa kunye nokutshintsha imibhobho ye-PVC. Isizathu silele kwi-teknoloji entsha yeepayipi ze-polyethylene. Kwelinye icala, lo mbandela wenze inkqubela enkulu. Ngokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene polymerization, amandla ombhobho we-polyethylene izinto ezikhethekileyo ziphantse ziphindwe kabini. Kwelinye icala, kukho uphuhliso olutsha kwitekhnoloji yesicelo, njengobuchwepheshe bokubeka imibhobho ye-polyethylene ngendlela yokomba ngaphandle kokugrumba imisele yombhobho, enika umdlalo opheleleyo kwiingenelo zemibhobho ye-polyethylene, ukuze imibhobho yemveli ayinakho ukukhuphisana kwizihlandlo ezifanelekileyo kule ndlela. Kukwakho nemathiriyeli emitsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obufundwayo, okanye obufundisiweyo kwaye bavavanywa. Kuqinisekile ukuba inkqubela yeteknoloji yemibhobho yeplastiki kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo iya kukhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi kwemibhobho yeplastiki.