Unikezelo lwamandla lwe-DD lwe-DC luthatha uyilo lwemodyuli, kwaye luqonda amandla aphezulu, aphezulu-yangoku imveliso yombane ekhokelayo ngonxibelelwano lweemodyuli ezininzi.Inkqubo inokwamkela uyilo lwe-N+1 lokuphinda-phinda, oluphucula kakhulu ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.Iimveliso zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekukhuleni kwekristale, ukulungiswa kwefiber optical, ifoyile yobhedu kunye nefoyile yealuminium, iplating ye-electrolytic kunye nonyango lomphezulu.