Iglasi edadayo kunye neglasi eqengqelekayo
Iglasi edadayo
Inkqubo yokudada, eyaqanjwa nguSir Alastair Pilkington ngo-1952, yenza iglasi ecaba.Le nkqubo ivumela ukwenziwa kweglasi ecacileyo, ethathiweyo kwaye egqunywe kwizakhiwo, kunye neglasi ecacileyo nenemibala yezithuthi.
Kukho malunga nama-260 ezityalo ezidadayo kwihlabathi liphela ezinemveliso edibeneyo yeetoni zeglasi ezingama-800,000 ngeveki.Iplanti edadayo, esebenza ngokungamiyo phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11-15, yenza malunga nama-6000 eekhilomitha zeglasi ngonyaka ngobukhulu obuyi-0.4mm ukuya kwi-25mm kunye nobubanzi obuyokuma kwi-3 yeemitha.
Umgca wokudada ungaphantse ube sisiqingatha sekhilomitha ubude.Iimathiriyeli ekrwada zingena kwelinye icala kwaye zisuka kwezinye iipleyiti zeglasi ziphuma, zisikwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokweenkcukacha, ngemilinganiselo efikelela kuma-6,000 eetoni ngeveki.Phakathi kwamanqanaba amathandathu adityanisiweyo kakhulu.
Ukunyibilika nokusulungekiswa
Izithako ezihlanjululwe kakuhle, ezilawulwa ngokusondeleyo kumgangatho, zixutywe ukwenza ibhetshi, egeleza kwisithando somlilo esishushu kwi-1500 ° C.
I-Float namhlanje yenza iglasi ekufutshane nomgangatho obonakalayo.Iinkqubo ezininzi - ukunyibilika, ukucocwa, i-homogenising - zenzeke ngaxeshanye kwiitoni ezingama-2,000 zeglasi etyhidiweyo kwisithando somlilo.Zenzeka kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo kwiglasi edibeneyo ehamba ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, njengoko umzobo ubonisa.Yongeza kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yokunyibilika, ehlala ixesha elide kwiiyure ezingama-50, ehambisa iglasi kwi-1,100 ° C, ikhululekile kwii-inclusions kunye namaqamza, ngokutyibilikayo nangokuqhubekayo kwibhafu yokudada.Inkqubo yokunyibilika ingundoqo kumgangatho weglasi;kunye neengqungquthela zinokuguqulwa ukutshintsha iimpawu zemveliso egqityiweyo.
Ibhafu yokudada
Iglasi esuka kwisinyibiliki ihamba ngobunono phezu kwespout esinqandayo ukuya kumphezulu ofana nesipili setoti etyhidiweyo, iqala kwi-1,100°C kwaye iyishiya ibhafu edadayo njengeribhoni eyomeleleyo kuma-600°C.
Umgaqo weglasi edadayo awutshintshi ukusuka kwi-1950s kodwa imveliso itshintshile kakhulu: ukusuka kwi-equilibrium thick thickness of 6.8mm ukuya kuluhlu olusuka kwi-sub-millimeter ukuya kwi-25mm;ukusuka kwiribhoni edla ngokumoshakala ngokubandakanywa, amaqamza kunye nemigca ukuya kwimfezeko ephantse yabonwa.I-Float ihambisa into eyaziwa ngokuba kukugqitywa komlilo, ukukhazimla kwe-chinaware entsha.
I-Anealing & Ukuhlola & Ukusika ukuya kwi-odolo
● Ukucoca
Ngaphandle kokuzola ekwenziwa ngayo iglasi edadayo, uxinzelelo olukhulu luyaphuhliswa kwiribhoni njengoko iphola.Uxinzelelo oluninzi kwaye iglasi iya kuphuka phantsi komsiki.Umfanekiso ubonisa uxinzelelo kwiribhoni, evezwe kukukhanya kwepolarized.Ukuphelisa olu xinzelelo iribhoni ifumana unyango lobushushu kwiziko elide elaziwa ngokuba yi-lehr.Amaqondo obushushu alawulwa ngokusondeleyo kunye nangaphaya kweribhoni.
●Ukuhlolwa
Inkqubo yokudada idume ngokwenza iglasi emcaba, engenaziphene.Kodwa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu, ukuhlolwa kwenzeka kwinqanaba ngalinye.Ngamanye amaxesha iqamza alisuswanga ngexesha lokusulungekiswa, inkozo yesanti iyala ukunyibilika, ukungcangcazela kwetoti kufaka iiribhoni kwiribhoni yeglasi.Ukuhlola okuzenzekelayo kwi-intanethi kwenza izinto ezimbini.Ityhila iimpazamo zenkqubo enyukayo enokulungiswa ivumela iikhomputha ukuba zisezantsi ukuze zilawule iziphene ezisikiweyo.Itekhnoloji yokuhlola ngoku ivumela imilinganiselo engaphezulu kwe-100 lezigidi ngomzuzwana ukuba yenziwe ngapha kweribhoni, kufunyanwe iziphene elingenakubonwa liliso elingenakwenziwa.
Idatha iqhuba abasiki 'abakrelekrele', iphucula ngakumbi umgangatho wemveliso kumthengi.
●Ukusika kwi-oda
Amavili edayimani anqumla i-selvedge - imiphetho egxininisiweyo - kwaye usike iribhoni ngokobungakanani obuchazwe yikhompyuter.Iglasi edadayo ithengiswa ngemitha yesikwere.Iikhompyuter ziguqulela iimfuno zabathengi kwiipateni zokusika ezenzelwe ukunciphisa inkcitho.
Iglasi eqengqelekayo
Inkqubo yokuqengqeleka isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweglasi yepaneli yelanga, iglasi enepateni ecaba kunye neglasi enentambo.Umlambo oqhubekayo weglasi etyhidiweyo ugalelwa phakathi kwee-roller ezipholileyo ngamanzi.
Iglasi eqengqelekayo isetyenziswa ngakumbi kwiimodyuli zePV kunye nabaqokeleli be-thermal ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwayo okuphezulu.Kukho umahluko omncinci weendleko phakathi kweglasi eqengqelekayo kunye neyokudada.
Iglasi eqengqelekayo ikhethekile ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhulu.Okona kuphezulu ukuhanjiswa kungcono kwaye namhlanje ukusebenza okuphezulu okusezantsi kweglasi eqengqelekayo yentsimbi kuya kufikelela ngokwesiqhelo ngama-91%.
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukwazisa isakhiwo somphezulu phezu kweglasi.Izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba zikhethwa ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo esijoliswe kuyo.
Isakhiwo somphezulu esitshisiweyo sihlala sisetyenziselwa ukomeleza amandla okuncamathela phakathi kwe-EVA kunye neglasi kwizicelo zePV.Iglasi eyakhiweyo isetyenziswa kwi-PV kunye ne-thermo applications zelanga.
Iglasi enepateni yenziwe ngenkqubo yokupasa enye apho iglasi iqukuqela ukuya kwiirola kubushushu obumalunga ne-1050°C.Intsimbi ephantsi okanye i-roller yensimbi engenasici ibhalwe nge-negative yepateni;i-roller ephezulu igudile.Ukutyeba kulawulwa ngokuhlengahlengiswa kwesithuba phakathi kweerola.Iribhoni ishiya i-roller malunga ne-850 ° C kwaye ixhaswa phezu koluhlu lwe-roller zensimbi ezipholileyo zamanzi ukuya kwi-annealing lehr.Emva kwe-annealing iglasi iyasikwa ngobukhulu.
Iglasi yocingo yenziwe kwinkqubo yokupasa kabini.Inkqubo isebenzisa izibini ezimbini eziqhutywa ngokuzimeleyo zamanzi apholileyo ukwenza iirola nganye ezondliwa ngokuqukuqela okwahlukileyo kweglasi etyhidiweyo evela kwiziko elinyibilikayo eliqhelekileyo.Isibini sokuqala se-roller sivelisa i-ribbon eqhubekayo yeglasi, isiqingatha sobunzima bemveliso yokugqibela.Oku kogqunywe ngomnatha wocingo.Ukutya okwesibini kweglasi, ukunika irebhoni ubukhulu obufanayo nobokuqala, yongezwa kwaye, kunye ne-mesh ye-wire "sandwiched", i-ribbon idlula kwisibini sesibini se-roller eyenza i-ribhoni yokugqibela yeglasi eneentambo.Emva kwe-annealing, i-ribbon inqunywe ngamalungiselelo akhethekileyo okusika kunye nokuqhawula.